Can You Remove Fluoride By Boiling Water

Some people want fluoride in their drinking water, while others seek to remove it. One of the most common questions in chemistry relating to fluoride removal is whether you can boil fluoride out of your water. The answer is no. If you boil water or leave it on a hot plate for an extended period of time, the fluoride will become more concentrated, remaining in the water as a fluorine salt. The reason is that youre not trying to boil out elemental fluorine, which is F2, but fluoride, F-, which is the ion. The boiling point of the fluoride compound — 19.5 C for HF and  1,695 C for NaF — doesnt apply because youre not dealing with the intact compound.  Trying to boil out fluoride is akin to boiling out sodium or chloride from dissolved salt in water — it wont work. Boiling to Distill Water to Remove Fluoride However, you can boil water to remove fluoride if you capture the water that is evaporated and then condense it (distill it). The water you collect will contain much less fluoride than your starting water. As an example, when you boil a pot of water on the stove, the fluoride concentration in the water in the pot increases. The water that escapes as steam contains much less fluoride. Methods That Remove Fluoride From Water There are effective methods to remove fluoride from water or lower its concentration, including: Distillation: boiling the water, collecting the vapor, and chilling the vapor until it forms liquid waterReverse osmosis: forcing water through a semipermeable membrane, leaving the fluoride and other ions on one side of the membrane, with higher purity water on the other side.Activated alumina: running water across activated alumina (aluminum oxide), which captures the fluoride so the water has a lower ion concentration. Methods That Do Not Remove Fluoride These methods do not remove fluoride from water: As mentioned, normal boiling does not remove fluoride. It increases its concentration.Most water filters dont touch fluoride.Freezing water doesnt remove fluoride. Fluoride lowers the freezing point of water (freezing point depression), so ice from fluoridated water will be higher purity than the source water, providing some liquid remains. Similarly, icebergs are freshwater rather than saltwater. The fluoride ion concentration is low, so using freezing to purify water is impractical. If you freeze a tray of fluoridated water into ice, the ice will have the same fluoride concentration as the water. Fluoride concentration is increased after exposure to nonstick cookware. Nonstick coating is a fluorine compound, which leaches slightly into water and foods.

Death of a Salesman - Materialism Alienation - 1696 Words

Modern Tragedies deal with modern issues such as materialism, consumerism, procrastination and alienation. To what extent does Death of a Salesman show evidence of at least two of these issues, and how does Miller present them? Arthur Miller’s ‘Death of a Salesman’ is a modern tragedy; one that incorporates both the tragic genre presented in theatres for centuries as well as essences of the modern world we live in. Materialism is a modern phenomenon, something which possibly began due to the American Dream – an idea which is heavily criticised through implications in this play. The play is set in 50’s capitalist America, where the idea of the American Dream had only just begun gaining momentum; Miller’s criticism of the Dream very much†¦show more content†¦The fact that Biff then alienates the people closer to him in life reiterates the recurring point about Miller’s societies (both the one he lived in and the ‘fictitious’ world he created) in which the person would live their life in the way that they had been shown by authoritative figures before them. Although, it should be considered that Willy is a slight exception to this rule, as he doesn’t actually learn through others mistakes, he learns through the personal experience of being alienated himself. It is in this sense that we see how ‘Death of a Salesman’ fits into the traditional element of a tragic play – the theme of a person committing the same ‘sins as their father’ has been seen before in influential tragic plays such as Macbeth. As well as alienating their father, the two boys Happy and Biff also alienate their friend Bernard - even though he presents the logical side to proceedings. Miller portrays Charley and Bernard’s lives in rich contrast to that of the Loman family. Charley is a content and modest man; happy in his job and happy to let his son succeed on his own terms instead of always imposing the need to be ‘well liked’ socially to succeed in the way that Willy does -this could partly explain why Willy is not happy with his life and why he is constantlyShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Colson Whiteheads John Henry Days1515 Words   |  6 Pagesnovel because of its cynical tone, its confluence of imagery, and its treatment of social and existential alienation. I. When the protagonist first arrives in West Virginia, his sense of alienation and isolation become poignant: setting the stage for what is becoming a postmodern novel. His experience checking into the hotel as a journalist offers telling evidence of the theme of alienation: The desk man at the hotel gave him a press packet when he registered, checking his name off a list, butRead MoreEssay about The American Dream in Death of a Salesman1371 Words   |  6 PagesArthur Miller’s ‘Death of a Salesman’ is an examination of American life and consumerism. It relates the story of a common man who portrays this lifestyle. Other issues explored in the play include: materialism, procrastination and alienation. The play was set in 1948, in a time where The American Dream was highly regarded, despite the Depression. The American Dream was a belief that emerged in the later half of the nineteenth century, that if you work hard you will achieve success and prosperityRead Mor eEssay Death of a Salesman, Tragic Hero. Willy Loman.1503 Words   |  7 PagesTo what extent can Willy Loman be considered a tragic hero according to Aristotle’s rules? Arthur Miller presents his play ‘Death of a Salesman’ in the ancient form of a tragedy. Aristotle has defined his idea of the ‘perfect’ tragedy in his text, ‘Poetics’ (350 BC).Here he suggests that the protagonist must fall from an elevated social standing as a result of a â€Å"fatal flaw† within the character; the fall from the main character creates resolution to the play which is seen as just; finally, AristotleRead MoreMarxism : The Theory Of Marxism2245 Words   |  9 PagesKeith Nunez May 5, 2014 ENG 390 Final Marxism The theory of Marxism was founded on the ideas created by Karl Marx, he stated that materialism has become part of our nature and that it has created grounds on how we live in our reality. Marxist criticism argues that literature shows a reflection on reality, specifically how the power of social institutions have affected not only the economic world but the mind and ideals of society. Through literature we can see the mental difference in charactersRead MoreThe Death Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller1618 Words   |  7 Pages Both the authenticity and the purity of the American Dream have been put into question by various pieces of literature, such as the Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller, or even the modern classic American Psycho by Bret Easton Ellis. With specific regard to The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, the death of the American Dream is seen through the eyes of Nick Carraway as he watches America’s morality and virtue disintegrate before him. The American Drea m is supposed to represent the ideal thatRead MoreThe Great Gatsby And Death Of A Salesman1834 Words   |  8 Pagesexcerpts The Catcher in the Rye, The Great Gatsby, and Death of a Salesman could interpret this. The three excerpts have been shown to be a base for â€Å"the American Dream,† or basic â€Å"Alienation,† but to look deeper into the source at hand and their distinct features; the clear status of showing the reader how corrupt society can be. The way these three novels have set the stages for corruption and it s ongoing timeline that leads to either death or being pushed into a mental hospital. Of course, the

The Methods Of The American Revolution - 3308 Words

The Methods Leading to the American Revolution The colonist’s rebellious reaction to the British King and Parliaments actions led to their American Revolution. Did the colonists rebel in a justice form or was Great Britain taking advantage of them? Did the methods they used like the Boston Tea Party and Boston Massacre proper? Was Great Britain right not to include colonists to represent in Parliament? Was it right for Great Britain to tax the colonists or were the colonists right to revolt? The leading events toward the American Revolution started when the colonist objected paying taxes to Great Britain. They felt it violated their rights as British people because the acts were passed in England without a colonial representative. Not only did the British taxation cause their revolution, but it was also a unifying force in the colonies. After gaining France’s North American territory in the Seven Years war, Britain faced huge debt and the responsibility of a massive l and. The purpose for this land was to gather the resources and make extra profit to benefit England. Before Great Britain started enforcing taxes and acts, the colonists lived a life of prosperity and governed themselves. Great Britain showed salutary neglect towards them, and due to this, the colonists were not willing to be â€Å"tied down† with their governing. They argued The French and Indian War wasn’t their responsibility and the British shouldn’t tax them without representation, while the BritishShow MoreRelatedThe Methods Of The American Revolution3308 Words   |  14 PagesThe Methods Leading to the American Revolution The colonist’s rebellious reaction to the British King and Parliaments actions led to their American Revolution. Did the colonists rebel in a justice form or was Great Britain taking advantage of them? Did the methods they used like the Boston Tea Party and Boston Massacre proper? Was Great Britain right not to include colonists to represent in Parliament? Was it right for Great Britain to tax the colonists or were the colonists right to revoltRead MoreA Brief Look at the Green Revolution740 Words   |  3 Pagesin agriculture. Fortunate enough, an American scientist named â€Å"Norman Borlaug† found a solution to the problem by developing a movement termed the â€Å"Green Revolution† (Briney, 2008). Starting in the 1960s, this movement encouraged nations around the world to use â€Å"high yielding seeds and chemical infused fertilizers† to increase their productivity on farms, thus leading to a more rewarding lifestyle (Curran, 2013). Together, th ese materials made up the American way of farming, and the results madeRead MoreAmerican Revolution Accelerated evolution vs Cataclysmic revolution1624 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿The American Revolution was an accelerated evolution rather than a cataclysmic revolution to a certain point. 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Desperate to solidify the power of the majority, political leadersRead MoreWestern Civilization1000 Words   |  4 Pagesassemble, and these restrictions could not be upheld. Fear of a catholic monarchy led to the expulsion of James the 2nd and the glorious revolution. Constitutionalism was the way of the future and in my own personal opinion it was the best way to go. Shortly after absolutism and constituionalism the scientific revolution came into effect. The scientific revolution of the seventeenth century was the major cause of the change in world view and one of the key developments in the evolution of the westernRead MoreHow Did Labor Change After The American Revolution?1626 Words   |  7 Pageschange after the American Revolution? THINK ABOUT: How did technology impact the older, artisan labor system, slave labor and industrial labor to 1877? What ideologies were in conflict over â€Å"free labor†? How did gender and regionalism impact attitudes toward labor in American society? The American Revolution was not the only revolution to take place in America. The Industrial revolution was happening all across America in the times leading up to the Civil War. The Industrial Revolution, which came toRead MoreThe American And Chinese Communist Revolutions1363 Words   |  6 Pagesthe American and Chinese Communist revolutions, some being similar and some being different. One of the main causes of the revolutions was that they both were inspired by the Enlightenment. This factor made both wars and their outcomes more intellectually based rather than physically. Another main accelerator that forced the people to fight for a change in their government was due to an unpopular method of rule. In both China and America, the forms of government previous to their revolutions andRead More Western Civilization Essays991 Words   |  4 Pagesthese restrictions could not be upheld. Fear of a catholic monarchy led to the expulsion of James the 2nd and the glorious revolution . Constitutionalism was the way of the future and in my own personal opinion it was the best way to go. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Shortly after absolutism and constituionalism the scientific revolution came into effect. The scientfic revolution of the seventeenth century was the major cause of the change in world view and one of the key developments in the evolutionRead MoreThe American Revolution And American History Essay1376 Words   |  6 Pages The American Revolution was an important moment in American history. The revolution shed new light on how people could live and how a nation could be governed. Looking back, one might think that the British saw the American colonists as a group of people easy to conquer. In the time period of the American Revolution, women were seen more as property rather than active participants in war, but women played a large part in the war. 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The Purpose Of My Research Conducted For This Paper Was

The purpose of my research conducted for this paper was to examine the relationship between Parkinson s disorder and its connection to the anatomy of the human body. Parkinson s is a progressive disorder of the nervous system that affects movement due to the loss of Dopamine. Dopamine which is a neurotransmitter located in the brain allows signals to be transported from one nerve cell to another. Its purpose is to regulate both movement and cognition. The loss of these chemical messengers can cause both stiffness of the body and tremors, which are two common effects of Parkinson s. Throughout this paper I will include more information gained through my research of the disease and its relationship to the human body.†¦show more content†¦Several decades after the publishing of â€Å"An Essay on the Shaking Palsy† Charcot took it upon himself to conduct research of his own. Known as â€Å"The Father of Neurology† Charcot differentiated tremors found in Parkinsonâ €™s disease with those of patients with multiple sclerosis (Aslinia, Kumar, Mazza, 2011). After his findings he found it necessary to pay homage to the first physician who originally brought recognition to this disorder. Naming the disease maladie de Parkinson which in English means â€Å"Parkinson Disease†. What exactly is Parkinson’s? Known commonly as a movement disorder. It affects movement, muscle control, and balance. â€Å"It is the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s disease, and the second most prevalent and disabling condition in the expanding elderly population† (Mikkelsen,Stinson, 2011, pg xix). For those that aren’t aware what neurodegenerative means it’s simply the loss of nerve cells. Nerve cells which are also known as neurons are located in the nervous system. Neurons are broken down into three different types. They are sensory (receptor), motor (effector), and interneurons (connector). Each one of these neurons plays a different role in the nervous system. The purpose of neurons is to receive incoming information and in return send signals to other neurons, muscles or glands. Neurons are made up of three parts. First the cell body which controls the neuronShow MoreRelatedPaper Towel Absorbency759 Words   |  4 Pages| Paper Towel Absorbency | INT Task 3 – Mardy Hodge-Wilson | | | | | Paper towels were introduced for kitchen use in 1931 by the Scott Company and are one of the most versatile paper products. They are made from wood pulp which is then bleached to make them white. Resin is added to increase the papers strength and the implicated water is then removed, allowing the fibers to bond and form paper sheets. 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Lead to the Success of a Marketing Plan †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theLead to the Success of a Marketing Plan. Answer: Companies often see the success of the sales department, and they somehow forget that sales without asuccessful marketing plan do not result in optimal success (McDonald, and Wilson, 2016). The basic design, planning and a proper implementation of product presentation to the customer usually occurs in successful sales. Several issues lead to the success of a marketing plan including human factors and social, economic factors such as having the right people. These issues include; Documenting the content plan. The documentation of strategies determines how content marketing can be used by the departments to succeed by playing a critical role hence increasing the return on investment. The content plan can include the mission plan, the target audience, content creation plan, editorial calendars and distribution plan. Publication based on audience Content marketingis about gaining influence of online publication to reach the target market. Public relations and media coverage play a big role in reaching to the target audience and third-party endorsement of your products (Baker, 2014). Maintaining customer base Microsoft business website suggests that keeping an inactive or unhappy customer is more beneficial than gaining new customers. To make a marketing plan work, sunrise company can stay in touch with the their customers by frequently sending them emails of current and future purchases and have them do some marketing for the company and reward them after sending new customers to the company. Understanding your competitors marketing strategies Sunrise ltd should research their competitors by evaluating how they market their products by reading their competitors websites, online ads, and other marketing materials (Baker, 2014). Sunrise should then evaluate what works and what does not work for their competitors and this guide on ways to effectively market your products. Monitoring and performance plan Monitoring helps a company to know when to improve or alter plans against the performance indicators (Costa, Keane, and Torrens, 2013). Environmental changes both internal and external and resource usage can affect the performance of a company. The steps involved in monitoring process include; Comparing planned performance with the actual performance Records the difference between the actual and the planned performance Identifying the reasons for the difference Implement strategies to alter the operational plan or adopt performance What should be monitored? Sun Rise Company should monitor implementation of their planned activities such the quality of their rice which involves a combination of quality management tools to increase the business and reduce losses, the impact that the product has and the time taken to implement the planned activities. Sunrise Company should monitor the financial implementations such as; progress against the target and the cost of each activity. In this case, they should check the planned cost versus the reality checks on cost schedules (Kerzner, 2017). Lastly, sun Rise Company should monitor the performance of the company; this includes the overall function of their system set to implement the project and the capacity of their staff to deliver quality work and meet their terms. Sun rice should conduct monitoring should be done before an event to identify potential problems and opportunities before they occur, during an event to identify the problems that are rising and after an event to provide solutions for the future. Sun Rise should be directly responsible for monitoring to control their situations, and if they cannot, they should record the findings and suggestions for future improvements. References Kerzner, H., 2017.Project management metrics, KPIs, and dashboards: a guide to measuring and monitoring project performance. John Wiley Sons. Costa, A., Keane, M.M., Torrens, J.I. and Corry, E., 2013. Building operation and energy performance: Monitoring, analysis and optimisation toolkit.Applied Energy,101, pp.310-316. McDonald, M. and Wilson, H., 2016.Marketing Plans: How to prepare them, how to profit from them. John Wiley Sons. Baker, M.J., 2014.Marketing strategy and management. Palgrave Macmillan.

Wall Mart Impact on the position of Askew-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.What are the strengths and weakness of Askews and Wal-Mart relative to the local Market? 2.What responses, if any, can be made by Askews to Wall-Marts interest in Opening a Store in Salmon Arm? 3.How may the entry of Wal-Mart affect Askews Position in the Market? 4.What are the unique Factors or issues in the local Business Environment that the Competitors should be addressing? 5.If you were on the Askews Board what would you support? Davids plan to develop the state-of-the-art building, a scaled back version of a new building or no new development? Explain your reasons. Answers: Cause This particular assignment is about the building of new Askews store in a better developed uptown area which will have an impact on the amount allotted for financing. David Askew, the chief executive officer of the company had assumed that his costs will be slightly higher than the normal market price which was actually moderate according to him. But the company had faced challenges and the amount exceeded the expected budget. His expectation about the amount was that it would be higher y one- third but it actually came out to be 1.5 to two times higher. This was a serious problem for the company as the banker and board were aware of the time that would be taken o repay the increased amount. Moreover, the company did not even have high gross return as compared to the rest of the industry. The main problem was that the family members of Askew were worried of the negative impact that will be imposed on their company and the proposed building plan in a more developed area. David was exp erienced in local business and he was aware of the outgoing cash flow in the grocery sector to the neighbouring markets of Wal- Marts (McEachern, 2017). The Askew Company had faced strong competition in Salmon Arm from two notable grocery stores. Out of Safeway and Overwaitea, the latter was considered as the strongest competitor of Askew. It was a well established food chain as compared to Askew and they were planning to build new stores too. To keep up with the competitive advantage, Askew also followed their path of opening new stores in the developed area. The problem in the exceeding of budget was caused as the company did not pay attention to the fact that their competitor was more established in the market with high return. They should have considered the negative impact that it would have on the companys reputation before proposing the plan. In future, they should be more attentive towards increasing their sales rather than running in the competition. Also, the other competitor, Safeway did not reinvest in their store which caused a problem to increase their sales. The problems of winning over the competitors is not easy ther efore the company should pay attention to improve and modify their own system before participating in the huge market of competition they need to look into this important fact for their future operations (Saunders, Guenther Driver, 2013).1. Strengths The internal and external forces of these companies are significant in the strategic development of the company in the retail industry. Their global size, supply chain and high efficient are a strong factor for their expansion. Weaknesses The weaknesses of thin profit margin are directly related to the generic strategy of the company. As they use cost leadership generic strategy therefore they also have to follow the outcome of easily imitable business model. Source: (Malach Malach, 2016) 2.Askew can respond to Wal- Marts interest by mentioning that their business was thriving well in the market but there is threat from the powerful new low- cost competitor in the market. The CEO had researched and explained that in a geographic market the most adverse impact is faced by the supermarkets and general merchandise stores. 3.The entry of Wall Mart will have a significant impact on the position of Askew in the market. The experts believe the entry of a global brand like Wall Mart will lead to a business decline of around 10% to 40%. There will be a serious question on the survival of the different small stores and small chain stores as because they offer the same kind and same range of products like Wall Mart. The downtown location of Askew is just within the range of 2.5 kilometers from the latest Wall Mart stores and thus the impact will be severe (Gustafson et al., 2013). 4.There are some unique factors that need to be addressed by the competitors to sustain in such a market. Green Operation- The most important task of the business organizations is to aim for sustainable energy sources and reduce the use of non renewable sources of energy Energy Recovery- The companies must stress for energy recovery and reduce the use and consumption of the existing energy sources. Focussing on Community- Another main task of the organization is to engage themselves in different community based programs to fulfill their Corporate Social Responsibilities. 5.To me a new building with state of the art facilities can be beneficial to the success of the company as because it will help the organization to increase its brand value. The presence of a number of stores will enhance the profit of the organization (Askew, Beisler Keel, 2015). References Askew, O. A., Beisler, J. M., Keel, J. (2015). Current trends of unethical behavior within organizations.International Journal of Management Information Systems (Online),19(3), 107. Gustafson, A., Christian, J. W., Moore, K., Lewis, S., Jilcott, S. (2013). Food venue choice, consumer food environment, but not food venue availability within daily travel patterns are associated with dietary intake among adults, Lexington Kentucky 2011.Nutrition journal,12(1), 17. Malach, R. L., Malach, S. E. (2016). ASKEWS FOODS vs. WALMART: SUSTAINABLE DAVID vs. LOW COST GOLIATH. InICSB World Conference Proceedings(pp. 1-6). International Council for Small Business (ICSB). McEachern, M. G. (2017). Driving Circularities in the Food Supply Chain: The Sustainable Role of Alternative Food Retail Enterprises (AFREs). Saunders, C. M., Guenther, M., Driver, T. (2013). Sustainability trends in key overseas markets to New Zealand and the KPI identification database